REFERENCES

I have moved the common references from the ‘References’ page of the main work ‘The Cross’ on the Home Page to here to try and make it easier for the reader to find the work I’m quoting or referring to. There are also certain ancient historians and sources that I’ve quoted from sources on the web though I have not always given the web page where they were discovered as web pages tend to change with annoying frequency! Where possible, however, I have cited the translator.

Some of the more obscure sites from which I’ve downloaded translations of ancient texts have not been catalogued and are described simply as an ‘online source’ in the main body of my notes. A simple search of the cited work, however, in a search engine such as Altavista should reveal an existing server from which my quote can be checked out. However, the one source that seems to have been present for a number of years now is the Christian Classics Library at Harvard University and the reader may benefit from accessing this web page first. It can be found here - this index page is, in fact, only part of a much larger library of Christian texts and writings.

All Scripture references are to the Revised Standard Version (RSV) unless otherwise stated.

Please note that ‘Church’ refers to the Universal Church scattered throughout the world (and in Heaven, too, if this is implied) whereas ‘church’ refers to the local church, an individual fellowship of believers.

Additional citations are included here:

Actsbruce - ‘Acts’ in the New International Commentary on the New Testament by F F Bruce, Eerdmans/Paternoster Press

Actsmar - ‘Acts’ in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary Series by I Howard Marshall, IVP and Eerdmans

AEHL - The Archaeological Encyclopaedia of the Holy Land (Revised Edition), Edited by Avraham Negev, Thomas Nelson Publishers

Aramaic Gospel of Matthew - A web page found on line at http://www.v-a.com/bible/aramaic.html which attempts to translate the Aramaic manuscripts into English, believing that the original NT was firstly written in this language before being translated into Greek. I have my doubts about their assertion but their translation can be quite informative.

Barclay - ‘New Testament Words’, William Barclay, SCM Press Ltd

Barclay’s NT - ‘The New Testament’, a translation by William Barclay, Arthur James Limited

Bickerman - ‘Chronology of the Ancient World - Revised Edition’ by E J Bickerman, Thames and Hudson

Cansdale - ‘Animals of Bible Lands’ by G S Cansdale, Paternoster Press

Colbrien - ‘Colossians, Philemon’ in the Word Biblical Commentary Series by Peter T O’Brien

Colwright - 'Colossians and Philemon' in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary Series by N T Wright

Cormor - ‘I Corinthians’ in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary series by Leon Morris, IVP and Eerdmans

Danby - ‘The Mishnah’, Translated by H Danby, Oxford University Press

Dead Sea Scrolls or DSS - all quotes from the Dead Sea scrolls, unless otherwise specified are taken from ‘The Dead Sea Scrolls in English’ Third Edition by G Vermes, Penguin Books

Dictionary - ‘Chambers Twentieth Century Dictionary’ 1972 Edition, W&R Chambers Limited

Didache - ‘Early Christian Writings’ translated by Maxwell Staniforth, Penguin Classics

Edersheim - ‘The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah’, Alfred Edersheim, MacDonald Publishing Company. ‘The Temple’, William Eerdmans Publishing Company, is also quoted but I have used the defining title. ‘Sketches of Jewish Social Life’, Paternoster Press Ltd, is also quoted but, again, I have used the defining title. At the time of writing, all three works are available on line for downloading at ftp://www.ccel.org/ebooks/html/e/edersheim/

Encarta - 'Encarta Encyclopaedia', 1996 CD ROM Edition

Encyclopaedia Britannica - ‘Encyclopaedia Britannica’, 1999 CD ROM Multimedia Edition

Eusebius - All quotations are from an unknown translation discovered on line of his ‘History of the Church’. The work is also available as a Penguin Classic (or it was the last time I looked). Although I have such a book on my shelves, an electronic version makes it just that bit easier to find references by using the ‘Find’ facility! I have quoted from the Penguin Classic at 3.39 as the on line version peculiarly omitted the final few lines of the chapter.

Fitzmeyer - ‘Responses to 101 Questions on the Dead Sea Scrolls’ by Joseph A Fitzmyer, Geoffrey Chapman

France - ‘The Evidence for Jesus’ by RT France, part of ‘The Jesus Library’, Hodder and Stoughton

Greenlee - ‘Scribes, Scrolls and Scriptures’ by J Harold Greenlee, Biblical Classics Library, Paternoster Press

Hebbruce - ‘The Epistle to the Hebrews’ in the New International Commentary on the New Testament by F F Bruce, Wm B Eerdmans Publishing Company

Hebguth - ‘Hebrews’ by Donald Guthrie in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary series, IVP

Hebhew - ‘Hebrews’ by Thomas Hewitt in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary series, IVP

Heblane - ‘Hebrews 9-13’ in the Word Biblical Commentary Series by William L Lane, Thomas Nelson Publishers

Ignatius - ‘Early Christian Writings’ translated by Maxwell Staniforth, Penguin Classics but others have come from the same source as Justin as the Penguin book doesn’t appear to contain the full list of extant manuscripts.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown (or JFB) - ‘Commentary on the whole Bible’, Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, The Zondervan Corporation

Jeremias - ‘Jerusalem in the time of Jesus’ by Joachin Jeremias, Fortress Press

JFB - Commentary on the whole Bible, Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, The Zondervan Corporation

Johncar - ‘The Gospel according to John’ by D A Carson, Inter-Varsity Press

Johnhen - ‘John’ in the New Testament Commentary Series by W Hendriksen, Banner of Truth

Johnmor - ‘John’ in the New International Commentary on the New Testament by Leon Morris, Eerdmans/Paternoster Press

Josephus - All quotations are from ‘The Jewish War’ translated by G A Williamson (Revised edition), The Dorset Press. Page numbers refer to this print. Also available as a Penguin classic. All quotations are from this work unless the work is specified as ‘Antiquities’ (or ‘Antiquities of the Jews’) or ‘Life’ which are on line translations by an unknown translator of other works by the ancient historian. The former work usually has page numbers associated with the edition I’m using though I have needed to cite an on line translation where I have not been able to find the text within the book and I have used the standard reference numbering system here, the latter one has precise reference numbers which are in the standard format.

Justin - First Apology, picked this Acrobat format work of the ‘Early Church Fathers’ from a place which I now can’t remember and there’s no frontispiece to the work, either. I think it was probably from Harvard University’s web site here.

Kenyon - ‘Digging Up Jerusalem’ by Kathless M Kenyon, Ernest Benn Limited

Kidner - ‘Genesis’ in the Tyndale Old Testament Commentary Series by D Kidner, IVP

Kittels - ‘Theological Dictionary of the New Testament’ (in one volume), translated by Geoffrey W Bromiley, Wm B Eerdmanns Publishing Company and the Paternoster Press.

Letter of Aristeas - Found on line and attributed to R H Charles as Editor, published by the Clarendon Press in 1913

Lion - ‘The Lion Encyclopedia of the Bible’ First Edition, published by Lion Publishing

Lukgeld - ‘The Gospel of Luke’ in the New International Commentary on the New Testament Series by Norval Geldenhuys, Wm B Eerdmans Publishing Company

Lukmor - ‘Luke’ in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary Series by L Morris, IVP/Wm B Eerdmans Publishing Company

Luknol - ‘Luke 1-9:20’ ‘Luke 9:21-18:34’ and ‘Luke 18:35-24:53’ in the Word Biblical Commentary Series by John Nolland, Thomas Nelson Publishers

Markcole - ‘Mark’ in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary Series by R Alan Cole, IVP/Wm B Eerdmans Publishing Company

Marklane - ‘The Gospel of Mark’ in the New International Commentary on the New Testament Series by William L Lane, Wm B Eerdmans Publishing Company

Matcar - ‘Matthew 1-12’ and ‘Matthew 13-28’ in the Expositors Bible Commentary Series by D A Carson, Zondervan

Matfran - ‘Matthew’ in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary Series by RT France, IVP/Eerdmans

MatfranET - ‘Matthew - Evangelist and Teacher’ by R T France, Paternoster Press

Mathag - ‘Matthew 1-13’ and ‘Matthew 14-28’ in the Word Biblical Commentary Series by D A Hagner, Thomas Nelson Publishers

Mathen - ‘Matthew’ in the New Testament Commentary Series by W Hendriksen, Banner of Truth

Matmor - ‘The Gospel According to Matthew’ by Leon Morris, IVP

Mattask - ‘Matthew’ in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary Series by RVG Tasker, IVP/Eerdmans

Millard - ‘Discoveries from the Time of Jesus’ by Alan Millard, Lion Publishing plc

Mishnah - ‘The Mishnah’, Translated by H Danby, Oxford University Press

Morris CNT - ‘The Cross in the New Testament’ by Leon Morris, Paternoster Press

Morris AT - ‘The Atonement’ by Leon Morris, Inter-varsity Press

Motyer - ‘The Prophecy of Isaiah’ by Alec Motyer, IVP

Neil - William Neil’s One Volume Bible Commentary, William Neil, Publisher unknown

NIDBA - New International Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology, E M Blaiklock and R K Harrison (editors), the Zondervan Corporation

NIDNTT - New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology, General editor Colin Brown, Paternoster Press

Oxford Bible Atlas - ‘Oxford Bible Atlas’ Second Edition Edited by Herbert G May, Oxford University Press

Ozanne - The Fourth Gentile Kingdom, C G Ozanne, Henry E Walter. Although the publisher has long since ceased to exist, the book is available on line at the Open Bible Trust at a very modest price (at Nov 2000 it was £2 or $3) or available directly by emailing openbible.trust@zelnet.co.uk. There's now an on line web page accessible that contains the complete scanned book and it can be accessed by clicking here. Please be warned that its size is 11MB so dial-up users will need 40 minutes to access it. Once retrieved, however, it can be saved to the Hard Drive for offline reading.

Petbaulk - ‘Jude, II Peter’ in the Word Biblical Commentary Series by R J Bauckham, Thomas Nelson Publishers

Petgrude - ‘I Peter’ in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary series by Wayne Grudem, IVP

Petstib - ‘I Peter’ in the Tyndale New Testament Commentary series by A M Stibbs and A F Walls, IVP

Plass - ‘The Sacred Diary of Adrian Plass (aged 37¾)’ by Adrian Plass, Marshall Pickering

Psall - ‘Psalms 101-150’ in the Word Biblical Commentary Series by Leslie C Allen, Word Books

Pskid - ‘Psalms 1-72’ and ‘Psalms 73-150’ in the Tyndale Old Testament Commentary Series by Derek Kidner, Inter-varsity Press

Romhen - ‘Romans 9-16’ by William Hendriksen in the New Testament Commentary Series, Banner of Truth

Rommur - ‘Romans’ in the New International Commentary on the New Testament by John Murray, Eerdmans/Paternoster Press

Sambald - ‘1 and 2 Samuel’ in the Tyndale Old Testament Commentary Series by Joyce Baldwin, IVP

Strabo - ‘Strabo’s Geography’ literally translated by Hamilton and Falconer in 3 volumes, George Bell and Sons, published 1903 (volumes 1 and 2) and 1906 (volume 3)

Strongs Heb/Gk number xxxx - ‘Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible’, James Strong

Stuart - ‘Hosea-Jonah’ in the Word Biblical Commentary Series by D Stuart, Thomas Nelson Publishers

TWOTOT - ‘Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament’ (2 volumes), R Laird Harris (Editor), The Moody Press

Ungers - ‘Ungers Bible Dictionary’, Merrill F Unger, The Moody Press

Vermes - ‘The Dead Sea Scrolls in English’ Third Edition by G Vermes, Penguin Books

Vines - ‘An Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words’, W E Vine, Marshall, Morgan & Scott.

Wight - ‘Manners and Customs of Bible Lands’ by Fred H Wight, Moody Press

Wroe - ‘Pilate - the biography of an invented man’ by Ann Wroe, Jonathan Cape Publishers

Zechsmith - ‘Micah to Malachi’ by Ralph L Smith, Word Biblical Commentary, Word Books

Zondervan - ‘The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopaedia of the Bible’, The Zondervan Corporation, First Edition.

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